Holy
Pilgrimage – Temples in Karnataka State
Mallikarjuna Temple, Kuruvatti, Karnataka
The Mallikarjuna temple is located in the town of Kuruvatti (also spelt Kuruvathi) in the Bellary district of Karnataka state, India. The temple was constructed in the early 12th century rule of the Western Chalukya Empire (also known as the Later or Kalyani Chalukya empire). Art historian Adam Hardy classifies the style and artisan guild involved in the construction of the temple as a "trans-Tungabhadra branch" of the "main stream Lakkundi school" of the Later Chalukya style of architecture. The building material used is soapstone The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India.
Temple Plan
The Mallikarjuna temple has a single shrine with a superstructure or tower (ekakuta vimana ) with porched entrances from three sides. According to the art historian Adam Hardy, the existing tower (sikhara) is a later day re-construction. But the art historian Henry Cousens feels the superstructure and its Kalasha (decorative structure at the peak of tower) are original, though the tower has been whitewashed in more recent times. The temple consists of a sanctum (garbhagriha), an antichamber (also called vestibule or antarala) which connects the sanctum to a gathering hall (sabhamantapa), two halls (mukhamantapa) on either side, and indedpendent of the main temple complex and to the east, a hall (nandimantapa) containing a sculpture of Nandi (the bull, a companion of the Hindu god Shiva). The outer walls of the shrine and hall (mantapa) have been provided with projections and recesses giving rise to niches, in which, in relief, are pilasters (including a new Chalukyan variety), miniature decorative towers (turrets or aedicule), sculptures of Hindu gods, and women displaying stylized feminine features (salabanjika or madanika). According to Cousens, the presence of miniature decorative towers on the shrine walls is noteworthy because most other Western Chalukya constructions have these reliefs only on the superstructure over the shrine. Cousens feels the specimens of makara (mythical beasts) on the shrine walls are exceptionally delicate with "tails of flowing arabesque" standing out free from the background material. Inside, the entrance to the antechamber has a highly decorated lintel with motifs of aquatic creatures (makara torana).
APPROACH:
INTERNATION AIRPORT:
Bangalore
RAILWAY STATION : Hospet
BUS STATION : Hadagali
Sri Durga Parameshvari Temple, Mandarthi, Karnataka
Mandarthi is a Hindu holy place located 25 km north to Udupi in the Udupi District of Karnataka state, India. The Goddess Sri Durgaparameshwari Temple resides here. The name derives from 'Manda-Aarathi' from Kannada, meaning the holy light.
History
Shree Durga holds a prominent place within the higher echelons of the Hindu pantheon but the worship of Sri Durga Paramesvari at Mandarthi a hamlet to the north of Udupi offers many fascinating contrasts. A Dhvajasthamba has been set up in front of the temple but no Dhvajarohana takes place. Mari pooja is observed in the temple along with agamic worship of devi including chandi homa and Navarathri. Folk traditions like walking on fire, animal sacrifice near the midst of a forest with a snake pit, which later acquired the form of a wooden image. Durga Paramesvari is now a stone image with all her conventional attributes but at the same time is poetically praised as a Sarpa Sundari. In short, this harmony of indigenous and Brahma cultures has created a deep solidarity amongst the various hierarchical groups of the Hindu societyThe Sthala Purana has woven these religious perceptions and notions into a legend according to which live naga kanyas (serpent maidens) by name Devarathi, Nagarathi, Charurathi, Mandarathi and Neelarathi are cursed by Nandi to remain unmarried and to suffer in a forest fire. Subsequently a rash behavior on their nart subjects them to another curse by a sage called Vyagrapada that they would be entangled in a bamboo grove. Their prayers to siva and Parvati to overcome these curses are answered in the form of a savior called Devavarma the king of Avanthi who rescues the serpents form a blazing fire using a bamboo basket. He later releases these maidens into the places of their choice and while the first three serpents crawl back into their pits, Mandarthi is deified acquiring fame day by day. Devavarma marries Jalajakshi who is coveted by Mahisa, born of Malini a Kirata girl and Vyagarapada Risi. The demon chases Jalajakshi to the palace; a battle ensues between him and the king in which huge snake pits swallow all the an of Mahisa. At the behest of Risis, the king prays to Devi and she ultimately kills the demon with the help of Virabhadra, Hayguli, Kalkuda and Bobbarya. In doing so, she also calls upon Chamundi to kill all the Rakshasas and Vyag to kill glants hidden in animal boing. This legend accounts for the shrines of hayguli, Kalkuda, Bobbarya and Chamundi around the sanctum of Durga Parameshwari as her Parivara Devathas. Also,the temple and the goddess Durga Parameshwari is mostly worshipped by people of Udupi, Shimoga and Chikkamagalore District.
Festivals
The temple celebrates Navarathri in a grand scale with chandihoma on all nine days A five day mathothsava in Makara Masa and Jatra in the month of Kumba are annual and important events while Darshan of Virabhadra and Kalkuda every Friday draws devotees like a magnet. Kenda seve (walking on fire) in front of hayguli and huli devaru is considered to safrguard Mangalya Bhagya (longevity of husband) of the married woman. The various cultural and religious activities and in particular the Yakshagana conducted in the premises of Mandarthi temple reflect the dedication and devotion of the people in continuing the rich traditions of the region.Language
Kundapura Kannada is the most widely spoken languages in Mandarthi.Climate
The climate in Mandarthi is hot in summers and pretty good in winter. In Summers(from march to May) temperature goes up to 40°C and in winters (from December to February) 32°C to 20°C.Monsoon period During June to September rainfall is average with Heavy winds.
Distances from famous places
- Bangalore - 450 km
- Mumbai - 970 km
- Mangalore - 85 km
- Udupi - 25 km
- Dharmasthala - 135 km
Nearest railway station
- The Railway Stations which are near to temple are
- Barkur - 8 km ( Limited Train Stop )
- Udupi - 25 km
- Kundapura - 35 km
Nearest airport
Mangalore (Bajpe) Airport is located at a distance of 75 km from the templeNearest Temples
- Bhandara Temple (Lord MahaGanapathi)
- Kallu Devasthana (Lord Mahalingeswara)
- Batte Vinayaka Temple Barkur (Lord MahaGanapathi)
- Brahamastana, Thantrady Bairy Bettu
Volume of devotees as per occasions
- Daily - About 2,000
- Friday, Tuesday and Holidays- About 5,,000
- Navarathri Uthsav Days - About 12,000
- Shashti and Sankramana days - About 15,000
- Simha Masa Days - About 25,000
- Jathra Days - About 3 Lakhs
Mangaladevi Temple, Mangalore, Karnataka
The Mangaladevi Temple is a Hindu temple at Bolara in the city of Mangalore, India, situated about three km southwest of the city centre.The name Mangalore is usually derived from the name Maṅgaḷadēvī "the goddess Maṅgaḷa", the main deity of the temple. The name Mangalore is the anglicised version of Kannada: ಮಂಗಳೂರು, Maṅgaḷūru. Mangalore is surrounded by many forts and it has also been suggested it was named for these forts, which are called maṅgaḷ People of Kerala call the city Maṅgaḷapūram "city of Maṅgaḷa", a Sanskrit translation.
Legend
The temple dates back to the ninth century when Kundavarman, the most famous king of the Ahepa dynasty, was ruling Tulu Nadu. During this period, there were two holy saints of the Nath cult, Machhendranath and Gorakhnath, who came from Nepal. They reached Mangalore, crossing the river Nethravathi. The place where they crossed the river came to be known as Gorakdandi. They chose a place near the banks of the Netravathi which was once the centre of activities of the sage Kapila. He had his hermitage there and it was a great center of education.Hearing about the arrival of the two saints, the king came to meet them. Introducing himself as the king of Tulu Nadu, he paid his respects and offered them patronage. Pleased with the humility and virtues of the king, they informed him that his kingdom needed to be sanctified. They requested him to grant them land so that they could build a hermitage and make it a centre for their religious activities under his protection and patronage.
This ancient history surprised the king. He then came to know that his land was dedicated to Mother Mangaladevi. It was from these saints he came to know that once upon a time there existed a temple in his land dedicated to her. From their own mother he heard the story of Vihasini and Andasura, Parashurama and the temple built by them. The two saints took the king to the sites where all these historical events had taken place. They asked the king to dig the place and relieve the lingam and the dharapatra symbolising Mangaladevi and install them in a shrine along with Nagaraja for providing protection.
Kundavarman carried out the advice of the two sages. A grand shrine to Mangaladevi was built on the hallowed place. The two sages themselves guided and supervised the execution of the work. The temple attained special significance as Mangaladevi granted special favours, especially to maidens, who worshipped the goddess by observing Mangaladharavrata and got their wish of a suitable husband fulfilled.
Even today the two temples of Mangaladevi and Kadri, Mangalore have maintained their connection. The hermits of Kadri Yogirajmutt visit Mangaladevi temple on the first days of Kadri temple festival and offer prayer and silk clothes.
The Goddess Mangaladevi gives the city of Mangalore its name. She is the main deity of the Mangaladevi Temple at Bolar, Mangalore. The temple was built in memory of the princess of Malabar Mangale in the 10th century. Mangala is worshiped as Shakti.
Festivals
Navaratri (dussera) is the time for special pujas performed on all nine days. On the seventh day, Goddess Mangaladevi is worshipped as Sharadamba and on the eighth day the goddess is worshipped as Maarikamba. On this day Aayuda puja is performed. All the weapons and tools are worshipped as the day marks the slaying of the cruel demons by the goddess Durga. On the ninth day also known as Mahanavmi, a large number of devotees participate in the Rathothsava. The decorated goddess in mounted on the grand chariot and pulled with thick ropes. the procession goes to Marnamikatte where the goddess is worshipped.Even today pious people believe that worship of Mangaladevi brings them prosperity and happiness. The temple has a special significance for the maidens. Maidens who observe Mangala Parvati Vrata will have their wish of having a suitable match fulfilled. Those who celebrate their wedding in this holy place will have a happy married life.
Ganeshotsav is also celebrated with much grandeur in this temple. A huge statue of Lord Ganesha is erected on the day of Ganesh Chathurthi. The statue is taken out in a procession on the third day & immersed at Uppinakote near Hoige Bazar.
Access to the temple
The temple is situated just three km from heart of the Mangalore city (Hampankatta), and frequent bus service is provided to the temple. Auto rickshaws are also available for personal transportation.This temple is about 3 km from the Mangalore city railway station. This area is well connected to different parts of the city by city buses. The temple is easily accessible by city buses, autorikshaws and taxis.
Mariyamma Temple, Mangalore
The Mariyamma Temple is situated in Bolar, India, dedicated Goddess Mariyamma about 0.5 km from Mangaladevi Temple in Mangalore city. It is believed that Mariyamma and Mangaladevi were sisters.
Dasara is the important festival celebrated here
Maranakatte Temple , Karnataka
Maranakatte is located at a distance of 16 km from Kundapura on the way to Kollur and the village is also called Kanchinakodlu. There is a Brahmalingeshwara Temple which is located on the banks of a river in the northside which then takes a steep turn towards east which increases the beauty of the spot.
Legend
It is believed that Goddess Mookambika performed a Marana Homa here after Killing the wicked Mookasura. The Temple faces east side & the Sanctorum faces the north. By the sides of main statue Brahmalingeshwara there is Malyali Yakshi & Vata Yakshi & also two Dwarapalakas. In front of the Sanctorum there is a Buvaneshwari Yanthra or Sri Chakra, believed to have been established by Adi Shankara. Beside the “Brahmalingeshwar Gudi” there is a ” Daivadha mane “ of Haiguli and Chikku.Influenced by Adi Shankara
The temple is also influenced by sage Adi Shankaracharya, who established the Sri Chakra at this temple.[citation needed]Fair
The day of Makara Sankranthi, a temple fair is arranged here which attracts large number of people from all over the district and neighbouring districts. The speciality of the place is settling of disputes & promises uttered in the name of God which have a deep influence in the mind of the devotees.Mookambika Devi Temple, Karnataka
The Mookambika Devi Temple (Kannada: ಮೂಕಾಂಬಿಕಾ ದೇವಿ) of Kollur, dedicated to Mookambika Devi, is one of the most prominent shrines for people in the state of Karnataka and Kerala, India. Located at a distance of 147 km from Mangalore in the picturesque surroundings presented by the banks of the river Sauparnika and the lush green Kodachadri hill, the temple attracts millions of pilgrims every year.The temple holds immense relevance for the devotees as it is associated with revered Hindu saint and Vedic scholar Adi Shankara. It is believed that Adi Shankara perceived the idea of having a Mookambika Devi temple at Kollur and himself installed the idol of deity in the temple some 1200 years ago.
People have high faith in Mookambika Devi Temple as Goddess Mookambika is regarded as a manifestation of Shakti, Saraswathi and Mahalakshmi. In fact the Temple of Mookambika Devi is one of the 'Seven Muktisthala' pilgrimage sites in Karnataka which are Kollur, Udupi, Subrahmanya, Kumbashi, Koteshwara, Shankaranarayana and Gokarna.
During the Navratri celebrations in October, the temple is crowded with devotees. Janmashtami or Krishna jayanthi is also a popular festival here. It is believed that the Swayambu Linga appeared on this day.
Legends
According to the legends, Kola Maharshi who was doing penance here, was disturbed by a demon who was also engaged in doing penance to please Lord Shiva, to get a boon from Him. To prevent the demon from fulfilling his evil desire, Adi Shakti made him dumb (mooka) and when the Lord appeared before him, he could not ask for anything. Thereupon he got enraged and soon began troubling Kola Maharshi who prayed to Adi Shakti for deliverance. Adi Shakti who vanquished demon Mookasura, was extolled by the gods as Mookambika. At Kola Maharshi's prayer, the Divine Mother accompanied by all the Gods; stayed there to be perpetually worshipped by the devotees.
According to the legends, Kola Maharshi who was doing penance here, was disturbed by a demon who was also engaged in doing penance to please Lord Shiva, to get a boon from Him. To prevent the demon from fulfilling his evil desire, Adi Shakti made him dumb (mooka) and when the Lord appeared before him, he could not ask for anything. Thereupon he got enraged and soon began troubling Kola Maharshi who prayed to Adi Shakti for deliverance. Adi Shakti who vanquished demon Mookasura, was extolled by the gods as Mookambika. At Kola Maharshi's prayer, the Divine Mother accompanied by all the Gods; stayed there to be perpetually worshipped by the devotees.
It is believed that Sri Adi Shankaracharya had a vision of Sri Mookambika Devi and he installed the deity here. The story goes like this - Adi Shankara meditated at Kudajaadri hills and Devi incarnated before him asking for his wish. He revealed his wish to incorporate Devi to a place in Kerala to worship when he and the people of his homeland wanted. Devi agreed and put forward a challenge that she will follow Shankara and he should not look back until he reaches his destination. But to test Shankara, Devi deliberately paused and when he couldn't hear Devi's anklets, Shankara suddenly turned around. Devi then stopped following him and asked Shankara to install her vigraha where she stopped.Swayambhu Lingam
The Swayambhulingam at Sri Mookambika temple is said to have come into existence when Parameshwara drew the chakra with his toe. This chakra is believed to be the Udhbava linga which has drawn its strength due its proximity to all divine beings. It is also very sacred since Kollur Devi is supposed to be merged with this Suyambulinga and that has made her acquire great power.Here she is said to have formed part of Lingam along with Lakshmi and Saraswathi on one side and Lord Brahma, Vishnu and Parameshwara on the other side. Apart from this there is also an carved image of Shiva said to be injured by during the clash with Arjuna known as Kiratharjuna and this is on the right side of this Suyambulinga.[3]
The Sanctum
The deity is in the form of Jyotir-Linga incorporating both Shiva and Shakthi. The Panchaloha image (five element mixed metal) of the Goddess on Shree Chakra is stated to have been consecrated by Adi Shankaracharya during his visit to this place. It is believed that the original place of the goddess is on top of Kodachadri Peak (3880') and as it was very difficult for ordinary people to trek all the way to Kodachadri, Shankaracharya reestablished the temple at Kollur.The history of idol installation at Kollur Mookambika temple is nearly 1200 years old. King Halugallu Veera Sangayya is said to have laid the valuable stone to cover the inside premises and this was done by him under the instructions of Rani Chennamaji. The temple comprises the sanctorum, a hall and the Lakshmi Mantapa at the rear. This Lakshmi Mandapam has four pillars and it is about 135 feet long. These four pillars are adorned with splendidly carved images of Indian deities.
There is an exquisite sculpture of Panchamukha Ganesha here. The beautiful sculptures are figurines of various Gods and Goddesses such as Subrahmanya, Naga, Mahishasura Mardini and the mother goddess or Devi in various forms. The Garbagriha at this Kollur temple is contemporary and artistic in value. A huge deepasthambam stands tall with its base like a tortoise’s head. This Deepasthambam has 21 beautiful concentric circles which appear very divine and similar to that of Makara jothi when all the lamps are lit and viewed from distance.
The Navrathri festival begins with an invocation to Lord Ganesha who is on this pillar. As we move inside the corridor beyond the Garbhagriha there are four types of idols of Ganapathi. Among them are Dasa bhuja Ganapathi and Balamuri Ganapathi which is beautifully sculpted using white marble
Then there is an image of a serpent that is worshipped by all Devi’s devotees in order to wade off the evil effects of Sarpodosha and other doshas. And it is believed that when touched while offering prayers, the devotees are said to be blessed with good fortune.
The outer side of the pradikshana we see the idol of Lord Muruga followed by the idol of Saraswathi, Pranalingeswara, Prartheshwar and Mukya Prana. This Mukya Prana is placed just opposite to Veerabadrasamy shrine to strike a balance for its dangerous appearance. This Veerabadrasamy is said to be the presiding deity here.
Thus, the other deities in the Kollur Mookambika temple include Shri Subramanya, Shri Partheeshwara, Shri Panchamukha Ganapathi, Shri Chandramouleeshwara, Shri Pranalingeshwara, Shri Nanjundeshwara, Shri Anjaneya, Shri Venkataramana, Shri Thulasi Gopalakrishna.
Pooja Timings and Practices
At this temple prayers are offered following two traditions, one as per the sacrificial ritual and the other as per Vijay Yagna Shastra. The poojas are performed at the temple every day in the morning, afternoon, evening, and night. Among the rituals that are performed and celebrated, Navarathri is considered very important and the other is Brahmotsava and both are celebrated with great pomp and gaiety. This Navarathri is also is known as Sharannavarathri that falls during October month. The Goddess is said to grant boons to many an ardent devotee during these days.Vidhyarambha or the initiation of small children in the letters of the alphabet of their mother tongue is carried out in the Saraswathi mantapa on the last day of the Navarathri festival. However Vidhyaramba can be conducted on any suitable day at the temple. Annadhana is offered as a free offering to the devotees every afternoon and in the evenings.
Festivals
Nithyothsavam
Nithyotsava ritual is performed every day at Devi Mookambika temple. Janmastami announces the birth of Lord Krishna. From then on till Navrathri every year, various rituals are followed at the ancient Mandapam. Sri Mookambikai is taken on the palanquin around the temple and thereafter ashtavadhana seva is conducted at Saraswathi mandapam that which is located inside the temple.Varothsavaml
Every Friday, at around six p.m. between Janmashtami and Navrathri, varothsavam celebrations are held. Before the Pradoshakala pooja the Devi Mookambika’s idol is carried to the olaga mandapam in the north. Here the ashtavadhana seva is offered to the goddess Mookambika.Pakshotsavam
This fortnightly ritual involves carrying the deity on all new moon days and full moon days. After the night bali pooja the Devi’s idol is carried to the Saraswathi Mandapam located on the west. This street procession is rigorously followed and there after the idol goes back and the Kashaya Thirtha is given to the devotees.Varshika Uthsavam
Every Year in the month of March, the annual ritual is observed at this glorious temple and it is celebrated for ten full days. On the moola nakshatra day the Brahma Rathothsava is undertaken for Kollur Devi.Navarathri Festival
Navarathri festival at Kollur Mookambika Temple is considered to be the most auspicious time to offer prayers to goddess Shakthi and its other forms. Millions of pilgrims visit the temple on these nine days. In South India, it is a belief that Vijayadashami is an auspicious day for small children to start their education called Vidya Arambam, hence pilgrims throng the temple from 4 am onwards for aksharabhishekam.How to reach
The nearest Railway station is Kundapura. Another station, Baindur- BYNR, has been renamed as Mookambika Road Railway Station, with many trains stopping there. The Baindur station has now been the major hub of rail travel on the way to Kollur Mookambika Temple.
You can also use the luxury bus services that ply from Mumbai to Mangalore - which has a stop at Baindur or Kundapura on the state highway, and take an auto from here or pre-arrange for a taxi from Kollur. The temple is just a half-hour drive from Kundapura.
The nearest Airport is Mangalore Airport at Bajpe, Mangalore, which is about 120 km away.
Accommodation facilities
There are a lots of lodging facilities available at Kollur. The Temple Administration runs the Sowparnika Guest House. Shri Lalithambika Guest House, Matha Chathram Guest House, Goenka Guest House etc. are available besides a few private hotels like Beena Residency, Rathna Guest House, etc.Room rates are quite affordable for the common devotee. There is a dormitory in the bus stand complex for single visitors. Athithi Mandira is another facility that is run by the Ramakrishna Yogashram. Recently, many hotels have sprung up owing to the heavy influx of pilgrims to the temple.
Ornamental jewels of Sri Devi Mookambika
There is a vast collection of jewels at the temple received as gifts of acknowledgement from the community of devotees who have realized their dreams and desires with the blessings of the Goddess. Of the various jewels of the Devi, the one in emerald is very valuable. Emerald represents knowledge.The temple has two processional deities. One is offered by Rani Chennamma as a substitute for the missing original one. But subsequently the missing one was found and thus there are two processional idols.
Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M.G.R. gifted a gold sword, which weighs one kg and is 2½ feet long. The former Chief Minister of Karnataka, Gundu Rao has gifted a similar type sword made of silver. The facial mask of Goddess Mookambika is completely made of gold and gifted by Vijaya Nagara Empire. The gold face mask of Jyothirlinga gifted by Chennammaji of Keladi is another unique ornament.
Music festival
For the past 30 years, Yesudas has been coming to Kollur Mookambika temple on his birthday to sing keerthans of Saraswati devi. The music festival was started from his 60th birthday. The nine-day music festival begins every January at the temple.On Sunday, January 10, 2010 he celebrated his 70th birthday at the temple with ‘Sangeetharchana’ (classical devotional songs), along with 70 singers before goddess Mookambika. The Sangeetharchana included ‘Pancharatna gayana’ of Thyagaraja’s poems. He also took part in the Vidyarambha function.
Nature around Kollur
The Kollur village is surrounded by thick evergreen forest and small other villages with arecanut gardens. The Kodachadri peak along with other peaks of Western Ghats make a beautiful backgroung for the temple. The forest is always green and hosts several wild animals and birds. Rare plants are also seen and a forest called Ambavana between Kollur and Kodachadri is said to be impregnable.Water falls
There is a beautiful waterfall called Arasinagundi, at about 4 k.m. from temple. This waterfalls is situated at the foot of Kodachadri Hills and is one of most beautiful sights of this area. One has to trek 3 k.m. to reach this waterfall, which is near Dali village.Sowparnika River
The two rivers Agnithirtha & Sowparnika which flow in the sanctuary of Mookambika descend from Kodachadri hills. The wee spring of cool water situated in between the temples of Kalabhairava and Umamaheshwara is the source of river Sowparnika. Legend says that Suparna (Garuda) did a penance on the banks of this river praying to the Goddess for the abatement of his mother Vinutha's sorrows. When the Goddess appeared before him, he prayed that the river be henceforth known after him, Suparna, and therefore came to be called as Sowparnika. At the location where he is said to have sat in penance, there is a small cave even today which is known as "Garuda's Cave".While trekking to the Kodachandri Sankara Mantapa - one can see the Sowparnika river source on a clear day. But it would not be possible to access this spot.
Places of Interest Nearby
Baindoor : 15 k.m. Famous for its beach.Ottinane : 14 k.m. Here highland and sea meets, near the Highway.
Nagara Fort : 30 k.m. Old fort often visited by tourists.
Mookambika Reserve Forest : 5 k.m. Includes Ghat Roads and forest view.
Sigandur : 35 k.m, a beautiful village with Chowdeswari Temple in the backwaters of Sharavathi.
Maravanthe : 20 k.m. Where a Highway road passes between Arabian sea and River, only one of its kind in India.
Mudukuthore Temple, Karnataka
Mudukuthore is a pilgrim centre situated on the banks of the river Kaveri. Mudukuthore is a quiet village with a backdrop of a hillock called Somagiri. Mudukuthore is located at a distance of 48 km from Mysore, 25 km from Somnathapur, 18 km from T.Narsipur and is close to Talakad. The place is known for the temple of Lord Mallikarjuna. During January-February, every year, a big festival fair is organized for a week where cattle and agricultural Products are traded. This is one of the famous fair which crowds thousands of visitors.Lord Mallikarjuna temple
The place gets its name Mudukuthore from the river cauvery as it gets a turn and flows forwad. Muduku means 'Diversion' and Thore means 'flow forward'.During Mahabharatha period, Arjuna, One of the Pandavas stayed here on the hill. He carved the idol of Lord shiva and did pooja with "Mallika pushpa" (a kind of flower). That's the reason the Lord shiva is called as Mallikarjuna.
It is one of the five temples that are part of the Panchalingadarshana held at Talakd once every 12 years. The five temples viz., Sri Kshethra Vaideshwara, Sri Pathaleshwara, Sri Maruleshwara, Sri Arakeshwara and Sri Mudukuthore Mallikarjuneshwara are believed to be Panchalingas and thus have become famous
The festival takes place simultaneously at the above five temples of Shiva. The temples are decorated with plantain stalks and flowers and the pilgrims undertaking Panchalinga Darshana offer their Pooja to the God.
The uniqueness of this festival is that the poojas at the five temples begin at the same time following the ancient tradition for obtaining blessings for devotees and rulers of the country.
Mundkur (Sri Durga Parameshvari Temple), Karnataka
Mundkur is a village in Karkala Taluk, Udupi district Karnataka, India. The Durga Parameshwari temple located here is more than 1300 years old.
History of Sri Kshethra Mundkur
Mundkur Maagane contains the three villages of Mundkur, Mulladka and Inna; with its border till Elluru in the North, Yelinje in the South, Bola in the East and Ulepady in the West. There are Mahalingeshwara Temples in the Four corners of Sri Durgaparameshwari Temple of Mundkur( South East: Posral; South West: Ulepady; North West: Inna Muddannu; North East: Bola Mahalingeshwara temples) which were constructed centuries later. As per available ancient records, in Shaka varsha 1337, (Hevilambi Samvatsara) King Narasimha Banga Raja (Bangas) transferred the administration of MUNDKUR Magane to Chouta Rulers. Mundkur was the Central governing point for any administration, Panchayath(Settlement of disputes), and Discussion venue for these three villages which continues even today. Any function in the three villages were banned between Dwajarohana and Avabritha(Jalaka) in Mundkur Sri Durgaparameshwari Temple, which is observed even today.Legend has it that Goddess Durga Parameshwari slayed the demon Mundaka here as per Skaanda Puraana and place was named as MUNDAKOORU which became MUNDKUR in later days. The idol was initially installed facing West by Bhargava Rishi as per the request of Suratha Raaja after the prathistha of Sri Raajarajeshwari in Pulinapura,now known as POLALI, before 800 AD. Famous Researcher, Dr.P. Gururaja Bhat has done lot of innovative researches about various temples and estimated the age of the Mahishamardini idol of Mundkur as belonging to early 8th century,the oldest temple in the three villages of Inna, Mundkur, Mulladka, Kadandale, Bola, Ulepaady, Yelinje and other nearby villages, with Royal connections of Banga and Chouta Rulers . During the reconstruction of the temple in 2005/06, the original door frames in western portion of the wall of the Sanctum Sanctorium was found which has been preserved in the temple premises. Kere/ Pushkarni is there in the west even today known as Sri Bhargava Theertha)and Ashwatha Vriksha in the north west. During the Jain rule, King Veeravarma, who was considered as a bad ruler, turned the idol towards east to take out buried riches from underneath the idol. Since then, the idol is facing East.
Mundkur Durga is Kuladevi for the Brahmin community of Bhargava Gothra and most of the devotees from GSB, Bunts, Billavaas, Kulaals, Devadigaas and other devotees worship as Mane Devi(Goddess of their original House)and the priests are belonging to Bharadwaja Gothra from the ancient time in Mundkur,Yelinje,Ulepady and Inna. Christians and Muslims worship with flowers and poojas which can be seen even today. Jainpete, ruins of Jain Basadi and palace, Kalkuda and Jattinga Daivaas (Worshiped by the then Jains) can be seen here and Jain community is not living, which is said to be due to the curse of Devi to the bad attitude of earlier Jains and their cruel Ruler Veeravarma who turned the idol from west to east. Jain devotees visit and seek the blessings in different occasions; but, there is no resident jain family found here. As per Paad-dana(Ancient Tulu Folk Songs) Kanthabaare and Boodabare, Great Heroes of South Kanara District,born in Ulepaady village; were devotees of Mundkur Durga and due to the bad attitude and character of Veeravarma and his followers, they killed him and his bad company. Due to No-Governance, Moodabidre Chowta Rulers have interfiered and reformation took place by them. The administration of the temple was handed over to Brahmins of eight families belonging to Bhargava Gothra,headed by Madmannaya family as Pavithrapaani and Eight Guththus, Four Paraaris, Four Baalikes as supporters on behalf of villagers of Inna, Mundkur, and Mulladka. As a token of love and respect the King donated lots of land, two Wooden pillars of the single Jack fruit tree, said to be from the Chouta’s Palace yard (The Biggest and bulky in the District, which can be seen even today)and several precious wooden Logs…. etc. for the temple and the Queen has donated her precious stone studded ornaments to Durga Devi, which is used for decorating the Main idol in the temple during festivals and special occasions. The Chowta Rulers were visiting the temple during annual car festival under the personal invitation from the Chief of Madmannaya family. The King and his Team used to relax at Sacheriparari, a place in the village border of Mundkur (Stone Cot on which Chouta ruler is said to be using to relax can be seen here even today) and was being received by the villagers at Jarige Katte. The King used to participate in the final day’s Chendu-aata(Foot Ball Match) of the young villagers followed by Arasara Katte Pooje and Keredeepotsava. From the year 1855AD, visit of Chowta rulers was stopped due to the misunderstanding amongst the villagers and Chief of Madmannaya family and Madmannayas stopped visiting and inviting the Choutaas. Even today the Arasara Kattepooje, Keredeepotsav is being celebrated and that day is called as Arasara Bali Utsava day.
Deities
The prime deity is Sri Durgaparameshwari in the form of Mahishamardini, holding the demon Mahisha upside down and piercing thrishul on his body. Hence the name Mundakke oori nintha OOru became Mundkur in the later stage as per one version. Other deities being worshiped are Sri MahaGanapathi (Kshipraprasaada swaroopi), Navagraha, Naaga, AshwaththaVriksha, Dhoomavathi, Raktheshwari, Vyaghra Chamundi(Pilichandi), Vaarahi (Panjurli) and Rakshopi Devatha (Protector from evil Spirits)in the temple. Photos of Sri Madhvacharya, Sri Vadiraja swamiji, Sri Raghavendra Swamiji, and Sri Bhootharaja are installed in Sri Madhva Mandira, where bhajans and poojas are held regularly.Acharya, Jayarama (2004), Bhargavi Smriti, Bhargava Press, p. 68 </ref>Sri Vitoba Rukumayi Temple in Mundkur: In this temple trikal pooja is performed followed by Bhajan keerthans daily during night by the devotees. This temple is built and managed by GSB Community. The founder of this temple was Posral Lakshmana Kamath and his family.
Other temples surrounding Mundkur
Posral Sri Mahalingeshwara temple, Inna Muddannu Sri Mahalingeshwara Temple, Sri Vishnumoorthi Temple in Bailaguthu(Inna), VyaghraChamundi in Madmannu, Brahmabaidarkala Garadi and Brahmasthaana in Mulladka, Dhoomavathi in Innada Guthu are the nearby places of worship in the vicinity of Mundkur Sri Durgaparameshwari Temple.In the north east corner of Mundkur, a place known as Gurumeru can be seen where water flows all the 365 days surrounded by forest and hills, which is said to be the place where Bhargava Gothra saints used for Penance and Meditation during ancient period. The place has got natural beauty and lots of snakes, wild animals and different rare birds can be seen even today.
Kaje Sri Mahammayi Kshetra(Maari Gudi) is 3 km away from Mundkur Sri Durga Temple and 2 km away from Sacheripete where Durga is worshipped as Maarikamba. In olden days children belonging to six families worshipped Durga as Marikamba under a big Mangoe tree. Later this became a legend and was known as Kukkudadi Kaje (Under the Mango Tree). Every Tuesday pooja is done and on alternative Tuesday Devi Pathri Darshana is performed where the woes of devotees are heard by Devidarshana Pathri and solutions are given which come true. Hundreds of devotees have got their wishes fulfilled and devotees come from far and wide seeking blessings of Maarika Durgaparameshwari. The generous donors have started Annadaana on the days of Devidarshan. The devotees offer different sevas including Maaripooja and Special Gaddige Pooja, Flower pooja, Thulabhara, Archana, Chandika Havan, Kadali Havan...etc. Devotees come here from various destinations irrespective of caste and religion including Muslims and Christians in large numbers seeking solutions for their unique woes/problems and it is true that they get blessed within very short period.
Festivals
The annual Car-festival happens in the kumbha masa every year which is on Feb 17th or 18th. Navaratri, Deepotsava are other special days for the goddess. Jalaka (dipping in river shambhavi) takes place on the next day of the car festival. Punarprathista Day falls on February 2 and 5 February Brahmakalashaabhisheka Day.In Karthika Masa, Nagara Sankeerthane is performed throughout the month followed by Deepotsava on krishna thriyodashi, Chathurdashi and Laksha Deepothsava on Karthika Amavasya.
Madhva Navami, Sri Raghavendra Swami Aradhana, Sri Vadiraja Swami Punya thithi is celebrated through bhajans and Pooja. On Ganesh Chathurthi day Saarvajanik Ganesha Idol is worshipped and on the fifth day evening after mosaru Kudike (Fancy Dress) with procession immersed in River Shambhavi in Sankalkariya border of Mundkur village and Udupi District (near Doddamane). During Navarathri Nine types of Durga Alankaara is done to the Main idol, which is Rare in Karnataka. On Moola Nakshatra Day Sri Sharada idol is worshipped and after Sri Chandika Havan on Vijayadashamiday, immersed in Kurkilbettu Brahmasthana gundi. The processions are very attractive and thousands of devotees participate on both the occasions. Saura Yugaadi, Panchanga Shravana, Upakarma, Deepaavali, Dhanya Lakmi pooja/Navanna Bhojana, Balindra Pooja, Paththenaaja are being celebrated in the temple.
Cultural and social activities
- Sri DurgaParameshwari kripaposhitha Yakshagaana Mandali - Yakshagaana and Thaalamaddale programmes on different occasions performed regularly through local artists. Bhajans, Harikathaas, Bharathanaatya, Folk Dance and Music, Dramas are performed during Navaraathri, Deepotsav and Annual Car festivals by devotees belonging to different castes and communities.
How to Reach Mundkur
Mundkur is in the extreme border of Udupi District. Devotees coming from Mangalore can take the route of Bajpe-Kateel-Kinnigoli-Mundkur and from Udupi - Katpadi-Manchakal-Belmannu-Mundkur Regular Buses are available from Mangalore, Udupi, Karkala, Moodabidri, kinnigoli to Mundkur.Sevaas in Shree Kshetra, Mundkur
Flower Pooja, Durga Namaskaara, Rangapooja, Thulabhara, Silver Chariot Utsava, Chandika Homa, Durga Homa, Navagraha Homa, Ganapathihoma, Mrithyunjaya Homa, Annasantharpane are performed in the Temple. For further information kindly contact the Temple Office :Shree Durgaparameshwari Temple P.O.Mundkur 576121 Karkala Taluk, Udupi District. Phone : 08258 267967
Om Tat Sat
(Continued...)
(My
humble salutations to the great devotees
, wikisources and Pilgrimage tourist guide for the
collection )
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